Named Entity Recognition (NER) involves the identification and classification of named entities in unstructured text into predefined classes. NER in languages with limited resources, like French, is still an open problem due to the lack of large, robust, labelled datasets. In this paper, we propose a transformer-based NER approach for French using adversarial adaptation to similar domain or general corpora for improved feature extraction and better generalization. We evaluate our approach on three labelled datasets and show that our adaptation framework outperforms the corresponding non-adaptive models for various combinations of transformer models, source datasets and target corpora.

Social networking sites, blogs, and online articles are instant sources of news for internet users globally. However, in the absence of strict regulations mandating the genuineness of every text on social media, it is probable that some of these texts are fake news or rumours. Their deceptive nature and ability to propagate instantly can have an adverse effect on society. This necessitates the need for more effective detection of fake news and rumours on the web. In this work, we annotate four fake news detection and rumour detection datasets with their emotion class labels using transfer learning. We show the correlation between the legitimacy of a text with its intrinsic emotion for fake news and rumour detection, and prove that even within the same emotion class, fake and real news are often represented differently, which can be used for improved feature extraction. Based on this, we propose a multi-task framework for fake news and rumour detection, predicting both the emotion and legitimacy of the text. We train a variety of deep learning models in single-task and multi-task settings for a more comprehensive comparison. We further analyze the performance of our multi-task approach for fake news detection in cross-domain settings to verify its efficacy for better generalization across datasets, and to verify that emotions act as a domain-independent feature. Experimental results verify that our multi-task models consistently outperform their single-task counterparts in terms of accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, both for in-domain and cross-domain settings. We also qualitatively analyze the difference in performance in single-task and multi-task learning models.

小型模块化反应堆的概念改变了解决未来能源危机的前景。考虑到其较低的投资要求，模块化，设计简单性和增强的安全功能，这种新的反应堆技术非常有希望。人工智能驱动的多尺度建模（中子，热液压，燃料性能等）在小型模块化反应堆的研究中纳入了数字双胞胎和相关的不确定性。在这项工作中，进行了一项关于耐亡燃料的多尺度建模的全面研究。探索了这些燃料在轻水的小型模块化反应堆中的应用。本章还重点介绍了机器学习和人工智能在设计优化，控制和监视小型模块反应器中的应用。最后，简要评估了有关人工智能在高燃烧复合事故耐受燃料的发展中的研究差距。还讨论了实现这些差距的必要行动。

以前在外围防御游戏中的研究主要集中在完全可观察到的环境上，在该环境中，所有玩家都知道真正的玩家状态。但是，这对于实际实施而言是不现实的，因为捍卫者可能必须感知入侵者并估计其国家。在这项工作中，我们在照片真实的模拟器和现实世界中研究外围防御游戏，要求捍卫者从视力中估算入侵者状态。我们通过域随机化训练一个基于机器学习的系统，用于入侵者姿势检测，该系统汇总了多个视图，以减少状态估计错误并适应防御策略来解决此问题。我们新介绍性能指标来评估基于视觉的外围防御。通过广泛的实验，我们表明我们的方法改善了国家的估计，最终在两场比赛中的VS-1-Intruder游戏和2-Fefenders-VS-1-Intruder游戏中最终进行了外围防御性能。

我们解决了在室内环境中对于具有有限感应功能和有效载荷/功率限制的微型航空车的高效3-D勘探问题。我们开发了一个室内探索框架，该框架利用学习来预测看不见的区域的占用，提取语义特征，样本观点，以预测不同探索目标的信息收益以及计划的信息轨迹，以实现安全和智能的探索。在模拟和实际环境中进行的广泛实验表明，就结构化室内环境中的总路径长度而言，所提出的方法的表现优于最先进的勘探框架，并且在勘探过程中的成功率更高。

最近的创新表明，通过单个低动态范围（LDR）传感器捕获的细节的混合克服了标准数码相机的局限性，以捕获高动态范围场景的细节。我们提出了一种生成曝光良好的融合图像的方法，该图像可以直接显示在常规显示器上。野心是为了保存细节较差且鲜明照明的地区。提出的方法不需要真正的辐射重建和音调操纵步骤。通过考虑到跨输入暴露的地方信息衡量的本地信息度量，可以实现上述目标。此外，引入了对比度有限的自适应直方图均衡（CLAHE），以提高融合之前输入多曝光图像的均匀性。

在联合学习（FL）中，通过跨设备的模型更新进行合作学习全球模型的目的倾向于通过本地信息反对个性化的目标。在这项工作中，我们通过基于多准则优化的框架以定量的方式校准了这一权衡，我们将其作为一个受约束的程序进行了：设备的目标是其本地目标，它试图最大程度地减少在满足非线性约束的同时，以使其满足非线性约束，这些目标是其本地目标。量化本地模型和全局模型之间的接近度。通过考虑该问题的拉格朗日放松，我们开发了一种算法，该算法允许每个节点通过查询到一阶梯度Oracle将其Lagrangian的本地组件最小化。然后，服务器执行Lagrange乘法器上升步骤，然后进行Lagrange乘法器加权步骤。我们称这种实例化的原始偶对方法是联合学习超出共识（$ \ texttt {fedBc} $）的实例。从理论上讲，我们确定$ \ texttt {fedBc} $以与最算好状态相匹配的速率收敛到一阶固定点，直到额外的错误项，取决于由于接近性约束而产生的公差参数。总体而言，该分析是针对非凸鞍点问题的原始偶对偶的方法的新颖表征。最后，我们证明了$ \ texttt {fedBc} $平衡了整个数据集（合成，MNIST，CIFAR-10，莎士比亚）的全球和本地模型测试精度指标，从而与艺术现状达到了竞争性能。

Supervised Question Answering systems (QA systems) rely on domain-specific human-labeled data for training. Unsupervised QA systems generate their own question-answer training pairs, typically using secondary knowledge sources to achieve this outcome. Our approach (called PIE-QG) uses Open Information Extraction (OpenIE) to generate synthetic training questions from paraphrased passages and uses the question-answer pairs as training data for a language model for a state-of-the-art QA system based on BERT. Triples in the form of <subject, predicate, object> are extracted from each passage, and questions are formed with subjects (or objects) and predicates while objects (or subjects) are considered as answers. Experimenting on five extractive QA datasets demonstrates that our technique achieves on-par performance with existing state-of-the-art QA systems with the benefit of being trained on an order of magnitude fewer documents and without any recourse to external reference data sources.

Quadruped robots are currently used in industrial robotics as mechanical aid to automate several routine tasks. However, presently, the usage of such a robot in a domestic setting is still very much a part of the research. This paper discusses the understanding and virtual simulation of such a robot capable of detecting and understanding human emotions, generating its gait, and responding via sounds and expression on a screen. To this end, we use a combination of reinforcement learning and software engineering concepts to simulate a quadruped robot that can understand emotions, navigate through various terrains and detect sound sources, and respond to emotions using audio-visual feedback. This paper aims to establish the framework of simulating a quadruped robot that is emotionally intelligent and can primarily respond to audio-visual stimuli using motor or audio response. The emotion detection from the speech was not as performant as ERANNs or Zeta Policy learning, still managing an accuracy of 63.5%. The video emotion detection system produced results that are almost at par with the state of the art, with an accuracy of 99.66%. Due to its "on-policy" learning process, the PPO algorithm was extremely rapid to learn, allowing the simulated dog to demonstrate a remarkably seamless gait across the different cadences and variations. This enabled the quadruped robot to respond to generated stimuli, allowing us to conclude that it functions as predicted and satisfies the aim of this work.

Searching long egocentric videos with natural language queries (NLQ) has compelling applications in augmented reality and robotics, where a fluid index into everything that a person (agent) has seen before could augment human memory and surface relevant information on demand. However, the structured nature of the learning problem (free-form text query inputs, localized video temporal window outputs) and its needle-in-a-haystack nature makes it both technically challenging and expensive to supervise. We introduce Narrations-as-Queries (NaQ), a data augmentation strategy that transforms standard video-text narrations into training data for a video query localization model. Validating our idea on the Ego4D benchmark, we find it has tremendous impact in practice. NaQ improves multiple top models by substantial margins (even doubling their accuracy), and yields the very best results to date on the Ego4D NLQ challenge, soundly outperforming all challenge winners in the CVPR and ECCV 2022 competitions and topping the current public leaderboard. Beyond achieving the state-of-the-art for NLQ, we also demonstrate unique properties of our approach such as gains on long-tail object queries, and the ability to perform zero-shot and few-shot NLQ.